두순학 시선

두순학

저자두순학(杜荀鶴)은당대(唐代)무종(武宗)회창(會昌)6년인846년에태어났으며,자(字)는언지(彦之)이고호(號)는구화산인(九華山人)이다.당대(唐代)소종(昭宗)천우(天祐)원년인904년에세상을떠났다.두순학이태어난시기는바로당대말기로다양한혼란이산재해있었다.내부적으로는환관(宦官)의전횡과당쟁(黨爭)으로정치적혼란이있었으며,외부적으로는번진(藩鎭)의발호와이민족의침략이끊이지않았다.이런혼란은결국907년당제국의멸망을초래하게되었는데,두순학은이런혼란을직접겪으며당멸망직전인904년세상을떠났다.두순학은당대말기의전반적인혼란속에서자신의이상을추구하며입신양명하고자했지만,다양한국가혼란과사회부패속에서불우한삶을살아갈수밖에없었다.

권1근체오언시126수중에서
봄날궁녀의원망春宮怨 ··············3
도사를방문했지만만나지못하고訪道者不遇 ·····5
오로유람가는벗을보내며送人遊吳 ·········7
오월로유람가는벗을보내며送友遊吳越 ·······9
봄날에길을걸으며途中春 ·············11
전도의스님이거하는절로제목을달아題戰島僧居 ··13
벗의시문을읽고讀友人詩卷 ············15
당숙에게부쳐寄從叔 ···············17
산중에서벗에부쳐山中寄友人 ···········19
악록사로제목을달아題岳麓寺 ···········21
여악의서재를회상하며懷廬岳書齋 ·········23
벗과이별을고하며與友人話別 ···········25
자각봉의은자를생각하며懷紫閣隱者 ········27
황보궐이남쪽으로귀양가는것을배웅하며送黃補闕南遷 ·····················29
강주자사가된벗을보내며送友人牧江州 ·······31
가도의묘를지나며經賈島墓 ············33
벗과술을마시며노래하다與友人對酒吟 ·······35
모산으로유람가는구화산의도사를송별하며送九華道士遊茅山 ···················37
고운에게부쳐寄顧雲 ···············39
전란후에산중에서짓다亂後山中作 ·········41
여관에머물며심정을토로하다旅寓書事 ·······43
낙제후길을나서며정습유에게바치다下第出關投鄭拾遺 ·····················45
변방에서塞上 ··················47
경시랑과이별하며別敬侍郞 ············49
가을산중에서이처사에부쳐秋日山中寄李處士 ····51
전당에서나은과이별하며錢塘別羅隱 ········53
청산을지나며이백을조문해經靑山弔李翰林 ·····55
산사에올라登山寺 ················57
고민하며시를짓다苦吟 ··············59
변방에서다친병사塞上傷戰士 ···········61
봄날한가롭게생활하는데일이생각나서春日閑居卽事 ·63
덕청을다스리는이와헤어지며送人宰德淸 ······65
이몽노인에게드리며贈李蒙 ···········67
궁궐수로의버드나무禦溝柳 ············69

권2근체칠언시140수중에서
늦겨울벗과함께소상에배를띄우고冬末同友人泛瀟湘 ·73
여관에묵었다가마을에서반란군을만났기에벗에게쓴다旅泊遇郡中叛亂示同志 ············75
눈雪 ······················77
여악의유처사초당에부쳐題廬岳劉處事草堂 ·····79
늦겨울에장사에서계령으로가면서아는이에게드리다冬末自長沙遊桂嶺留獻所知 ···········81
동관을지난후안륙에서전란을만나다將入關安陸遇兵寇 ······················83
봄날산에거하며벗에게부쳐春日山居寄友人 ·····85
산속의과부山中寡婦 ···············87
전쟁후촌락의노인을만나亂後逢村 ········89
낙제후동쪽으로돌아가다가짓다下第東歸道中作 ···91
여름에장산인의숲정자에서夏日留題張山人林亭 ···93
잃어버린벗에통곡하며哭山友 ···········95
전란후에글을써서벗에게부치다亂後書事寄同志 ···97
낙제후알고있는분에게드리며下第投所知 ·····99
백발을노래하며白髮吟 ··············102
산중에서눈을마주하며시를짓다山中對雪有作 ···104
구처사가근교에서거하는것으로제목을삼아題仇處士郊居 ····················106
장안에서봄에감정이일어長安春感 ········108
촌락의집에머물면서題所居村舍 ··········110
마음을달래다遣懷 ················112
장안의길에서시를짓다長安道中有作 ········114
개원사의정문누각으로제목을붙여題開元寺門閣 ··116
조카의서당에쓰다題弟侄書堂 ···········118
성에올라시를짓다登城有作 ···········120
동림사에묵으면서원공원으로제목을삼아宿東林寺題願公院 ···················122
산에거하며스스로마음을달래다山居自遣 ·····124
늦겨울양주에서머물며막부에서종사하는두벗에게부치다維揚冬末寄幕中二從事 ··········126
스스로말하다自敍 ················128
강서로부터구화산에돌아가서自江西歸九華 ·····130

권3근체오언칠언절구52수중에서
느낌이일어시에기탁하며感寓 ··········135
또다시호성현을지나며再經胡城縣 ·········136
누에치는아낙蠶婦 ···············138
시냇가의흥취溪興 ················140
소호를지나며過巢湖 ···············141
협석현의병든노인을보며슬퍼하다傷峽石縣病 ··142
밭가는노인田翁 ················143
꽃나무병풍으로제목을삼아題花木障 ·······145
난성의역전에서묵다가상산의장서기에부쳐宿欒城驛却寄常山張書記 ················147
떠돌이의심정旅懷 ················149
질상인에게드리며贈質上人 ············151
관시후에연회에서함께급제한동료와헤어지며關試後筵上別同人 ·················152
객사에서비를만나旅舍遇雨 ············154
스스로마음을달래며自遣 ············156
두견새소리들으며聞子規 ············158
가을밤고민하며시를짓다秋夜苦吟 ········160
작은소나무小松 ·················162

해설 ······················163
지은이에대해 ··················174
옮긴이에대해 ··················178

두순학(杜荀鶴)은당대(唐代)말기에활동했던저명한시인이다.846년에태어났으며,자(字)는언지(彦之)이고,호(號)는구화산인(九華山人)이다.당대소종(昭宗)천우(天祐)원년인904년에세상을떠났다.
지방의작은부호집안에서태어난두순학은경제적으로는그다지어렵지않았다.그러나과거시험을준비하고장안으로가서응시하는중에사대부집안에서태어나지않은것을한탄했다.특히당대말기의다양한정치·사회적혼란은험난한인생을살게만들었다.특히거듭된과거에서의낙방으로그는울분과실의의고통속에살았다.그러나다른한편으로는전국을유랑하면서많은경험을쌓았고,직접황소(黃巢)의난을겪으면서당시의현실을파악할수있었다.이러한인생의경험은바로그의시가에그대로녹아들었다.
두순학의창작사상을보면,기본적으로는유가(儒家)의현실주의정신이라고할수있다.그러나인생의행로에서다양한사상적면모를보이고있으며,수시로은일의사상과개인의불우한처지에대한감상(感傷)을드러내고있다.
두순학의시는≪전당시(全唐詩)≫에326수가전하고있는데,모두근체시로창작했다는특징이있다.그중오언율시(五言律詩)가127수,칠언율시(七言律詩)가140수로가장많은비중을차지하고있다.그의시문집은두순학이스스로엮은≪당풍집(唐風集)≫세권이≪사고전서(四庫全書)≫1083책(冊)에전해지며,단행본으로는1959년중화서국(中華書局)에서출판한≪섭이중시(?夷中詩)·두순학시(杜荀鶴詩)≫가있고,후쓰쿤(胡嗣坤)과뤄친(羅琴)이2004년바수서사(巴蜀書社)에서펴낸≪두순학과그당풍집연구(杜荀鶴及其唐風集硏究)≫가전반적으로두순학시에대한교감(校勘)과주석(注釋)을달고있으며,다양한연구자료를수집해정리하고있다.