자본주의 (지식과 문화)

DavidCoates

산푸르고물맑은두메에서흙과뒹굴며자라났으며탈북청소년학교남북교육공동체대표이다.서울대학교동양사학과를졸업하고연세대학교에서석사,성균관대학교에서정치학박사학위를각각취득하였다.경향신문편집부와조선일보사회·정치부기자를역임하였다.미국시애틀소재워싱턴대학교(UniversityofWashington,UW)에서2001년에는잭슨스쿨(HenryM.JacksonSchoolofInternationalStudies)한국학센터(CenterforKoreaStudies)의방문학자,2009년에는정치학과(DepartmentofPoliticalScience)의방문학자로각각1년간연수하였다.그동안아주대학교,이화여자대학교,숙명여자대학교,성신여자대학교,한림대학교,단국대학교,가천대학교,경기대학교,한국방송통신대학교에서정치학과신문방송학을가르쳤다.2000년한맥문학을통해수필가로등단했고,한국문인협회,시애틀문인협회,한맥문학회,청송문학회회원이다.저서로는《인공지능과코인투자》(2025),《인공지능과우리아이교육》(2025),《인공지능과가상화폐》(2025),《인공지능과저널리즘》(2025),《AI교육의이론과실제》(2024)등이있으며,옮긴책으로는《외교원리와실제》(2014),《자본주의》(2017)등이있다.KCI(국내학술지인용색인)등재논문으로는“결핍을넘어자산으로:이주배경학생포용적교육을위한패러다임전환및제도혁신방안”(2025),“한미양국간시민사회연결망구축방안연구”(2012),“ACriticalViewpointofSouthKoreanAnti-Americanism”(2009)등모두17편이있다.

저자서문···········································································viii
한국어판···········································································xiv
저자서문···········································································xiv
역자서문···········································································xvi

1장자본주의란무엇인가················································1
현대자본주의의보편성·················································2
현대자본주의의출현····················································7
흥하는자본주의,쇠하는봉건주의································12
자본주의발전의물결··················································18
자본주의발전의단계··················································23
현대자본주의의성격··················································31

2장위로부터의자본주의················································37
자본주의의다양성······················································38
자본주의의다양성을초래한요인·································48
복지자본주의의세가지유형········································57
도전받는다양성························································65
상황이변할수록그들은더욱더변함이없다?···················75

3장아래로부터의자본주의·············································85
초기노동계급의형성··················································89
단합된계급?분열된계급?···········································95
초기자본주의에대한대응··········································99
초기자본주의국가의노동계급정치···························103
자본주의의복지시절을향유하기·······························108
조직노동자들의흥망················································114
옛자본주의와새자본주의의공존······························123

4장자본주의논쟁·························································131
설명의패러다임······················································132
고전적자유주의의렌즈를통해본자본주의·················139
마르크스주의의렌즈를통해본자본주의·····················145
자본주의와사회개혁·················································152
패러다임의충돌·······················································159
패러다임선택하기····················································168

5장자본주의와그결과·················································178
중심부자본주의국가들의과거생활수준····················181
중심부바깥에서의과거생활수준·······························184
자본주의와현재의생활수준······································187
자본주의와젠더·······················································199
자본주의와삶의질···················································207
자본주의와정치·······················································217

6장자본주의와그미래·················································227
성장의문제·····························································228
불평등의문제··························································236
시장을기반으로한불평등의문제······························243
기존조건의문제······················································252
인종과민족···························································254
종교······································································258
공유지의문제··························································263
자본주의의문제?·····················································272

용어해설·········································································276
참고문헌·········································································285
찾아보기·········································································295
역자소개·········································································301

내용

소련이붕괴되고중국이세계적인자본주의적생산에편입되면서전세계의자본주의시스템이근본적으로바뀌었다.또한,2008년미국에서시작된글로벌금융위기의심각성과그에따른대침체(GreatRecession),그리고가장최근의현상으로서브렉시트와트럼프주의로인해서도자본주의는근본적전환기를맞이하게되었다.이책은이와같은현대자본주의의역사와방향,그리고단계에관한안내서인동시에,그러한방향과단계의결정요인을놓고벌어지는토론에관한개설서이기도하다.자본주의의역사와이론을함께논함으로써자본주의의변화과정과역동성을이해하는데적합한안내서인것이다.

자본주의를열광적으로옹호하거나자본주의를신랄하게비판하는많은책들과달리이책은자본주의의장단점,성과와한계를균형있게서술하고있다.즉자본주의의시장메커니즘은절대적으로유지되어야하지만,동시에자본주의는어느정도관리될필요도있다는것이다.이책은자본주의를새로공부하려는사람들에게자본주의와그결과에대한끊임없는논란을균형있게이해할수있도록돕는최적의길잡이라고할수있다.

제1장에서는자본주의의기본개념을설명하고,제2장에서는자본주의의유형을시장주도자본주의,타협적/합의적자본주의,발전국가형자본주의,국가소유/통제자본주의의네가지로분류한다.제3장에서는노동자와노동운동의관점에서‘아래로부터의자본주의’를논한다.제4장에서는자본주의를설명하는자유주의,사회개혁주의,마르크스주의의세가지패러다임을소개한다.제5장에서는자본주의가임금,노동자,복지에미치는영향을두루분석한다.제6장에서는경제성장과그문제점,불평등과그결과,시장과그한계를논하면서자본주의의미래를전망한다.그과정에서젠더와환경같은쟁점까지언급한다.

-이책의특징
●현대자본주의를이해하기위해자본주의의‘역사’와그‘성과’안내
●자본주의경제작동방식과변화를설명하기위해다양한‘이론’과사례소개
●보다정확한용어와의미를설명하는용어해설포함
●최근의세계자본주의동향설명
●자본주의에대해아래로부터자본주의,즉노동자의관점에서분석
●자본주의심화에따른다양한문제점들을보다세부적으로분석

정체된성장의문제를극복하기위해서는또한번의산업혁명이필요한반면에,불평등의문제를해결하기위해서는공공정책을통하여자본주의와시장을제한할필요가있음을저자는암시한다.그러나실은경제성장의정체와불평등의심화는별개의문제가아니다.불평등의심화는경제성장을저해하기때문이다.성장을위해서는불평등의문제를해결하지않으면안된다는것을이책은알려준다.

따라서자본주의를연구하는학자와경제를공부하는학생들에게는역사와이론을한번에살펴보는중요한자료가될것이다.또한자본주의결과로나타나는여러가지문제점들이왜발생하는지자본주의가앞으로나아가야할방향에대해궁금해하는독자들에게는궁금증을해결하고대안을생각할수있게할것이다.