효행록

권보

저자권보(權溥,1262~1346)는고려시대의학자다.자는제만(齊滿).호는국재(菊齋)다.안향(安珦)의문인으로성리학보급에크게공헌했고실록편찬에도참여했다.《주자사서집주(朱子四書集註)》를간행하고《은대집(銀臺集)》20권을주해했다.《효행록》후찬의행록을엮었다.

서문 ·······················3

효행록전찬
1.순임금을위해코끼리가밭을갈다(大舜象耕) ····9
2.노래자가아이놀음을하다(老萊兒戱) ·······13
3.곽거가자식을땅에묻다(郭巨埋子) ·······17
4.동영이자신의몸을팔다(董永賃身) ·······20
5.민자건이추위를참다(閔子忍寒) ·········23
6.증자가통증을느끼다(曾氏覺痛) ·········26
7.맹종이겨울에죽순을얻다(孟宗冬筍) ······31
8.유은에게천신이미나리를내려주다(劉殷天芹) ··34
9.왕상이얼음에서물고기를얻다(王祥?魚) ····37
10.강시의우물에서잉어가튀어나오다(姜詩泉鯉) ··40
11.채순이오디를나누다(蔡順分?) ········43
12.육적이귤을품다(陸績懷橘) ··········47
13.의부가넓적다리를베다(義婦割股) ·······50
14.효아가시신을안고나오다(孝娥抱屍) ······53
15.정란이어머니상을깎다(丁蘭刻母) ·······57
16.명달이아들을팔다(明達賣子) ·········60
17.원각이아버지를깨우치다(元覺警父) ······63
18.전진이아우들을일깨우다(田眞諭弟) ······67
19.노고가큰아들을안고가다(魯姑抱長) ······71
20.조종이마른동생을바꾸라하다(趙宗替瘦) ···74
21.포산이광주리를지다(鮑山負筐) ········77
22.백유가매를맞고울다(伯瑜泣杖) ········80
23.염자가사슴떼속으로들어가다(琰子人鹿) ···85
24.양향이호랑이를타다(楊香跨虎) ········88

효행록후찬
1.문왕이문안을하다(周后問安) ··········93
2.한나라황제가약을맛보다(漢皇嘗藥) ······96
3.중유가쌀을지다(仲由負米) ···········99
4.황향이베개에부채질을하다(黃香扇枕) ·····102
5.일제가초상화에절하다(日?拜像) ·······105
6.고개가울면서편지를쓰다(顧愷泣書) ······108
7.장원이눈을낫게하다(張元療目) ········110
8.소현이살갗을침으로찌르다(少玄?膚) ·····113
9.제영이아버지죄를대신하다(??贖父) ·····115
10.경휴가아우에게젖을먹이다(景休乳弟) ····118
11.문정이광중에구멍을뚫다(文貞穿壙) ·····120
12.고초가관에엎드리다(古初伏棺) ········123
13.왕부가잣나무를붙들고울다(王?泣栢) ····126
14.종승의효성에대가나다(宗承生竹) ······129
15.문양의효성에까마귀가돕다(文讓烏助) ····131
16.원사가승냥이를길들이다(袁師狼馴) ······134
17.설포가두들겨맞다(薛包被毆) ·········137
18.유곤이병을간호하다(庾袞護病) ········140
19.유정이향을피우다(劉政焚香) ·········144
20.허자가흙을져나르다(許孜負土) ·······147
21.신도가밥을먹지않다(申徒不食) ·······150
22.건옹이지나치게슬퍼하다(乾邕過哀) ······153
23.왕양이험한곳을피하다(王陽避險) ······156
24.계전이강에몸을던지다(季詮投江) ······160
25.대량이노새가우는소리를내다(戴良驢鳴) ···163
26.오맹이모기에물리다(吳猛蚊?) ········165
27.포영이아내를내쫓다(鮑永去妻) ········167
28.등유가자식을버리다(鄧攸棄子) ········170
29.모용이반찬을마련하다(茅容設饌) ·······174
30.검루가똥을맛보다(黔婁嘗糞) ·········177
31.강혁이품팔이를하다(江革自傭) ········180
32.세통이길이사모하다(世通永慕) ········182
33.자평이자신을벌주다(子平罪己) ········185
34.수창이벼슬을버리다(壽昌棄官) ········188
35.영공이수염을태우다(英公焚鬚) ········191
36.문정이등을어루만지다(文正?背) ·······194
37.진씨가시어미를봉양하다(陳氏養姑) ······197
38.장손부인이며느리에게감동하다(長孫感婦) ···200

후서(後序) ···················203
기사본서발(序跋) ················209
《효행록》중간발(重刊跋) ············214
《효행록》후지(後識) ··············216

해설 ······················219
지은이에대해 ··················340
옮긴이에대해 ··················390

《효행록(孝行錄)》은중국의효자64인에대한소개와찬양,그리고평가를한책이다.이책에는이들24인의효자를소개하는24편의글과40효자를소개하는38편의글이기본으로되어있다(효자두사람은다른사람의글에함께소개되어있다).24편은고려후기의세도가인권준(權準)이엮은뒤,이제현(李齊賢)의찬을붙이고그림을그려서아버지께올린것이고,38편은아버지권보(權溥)가아들의뜻을가상히여겨추가로엮은뒤역시이제현의찬을붙인것이다.권보의증손인조선초기의학자권근(權近)은여기에다가평설을붙였다.
그내용이우리나라가아니라중국의효자들에관한이야기이며,현대인의안목으로볼때더러는지나치게극단적인효행을수록했고더러는지나칠정도로내용이간략하다.따라서오늘날우리가읽기에는적절치않고부족하며,아쉬운점이있는것처럼보인다.하지만,이들이야기는우리선현들에의해재편집되고재평가된것으로,고려후기로부터조선초기까지의사대부들의효사상을가늠해볼수있는자료다.특히이제현의찬과권근의평설은이책의자료가치를더해주는것들이다.더구나이책이조선의세종에의해중시되어권장이되었고,이를바탕으로효자,충신의이야기가중심이되는《삼강행실도》가편찬되었다는점에서후대에미친영향이또한막대하다.
그럼에도불구하고《효행록》은세종이후에《삼강행실도》,《이륜행실도》,《오륜행실도》등의책이잇따라나옴으로써오랫동안제대로평가를받지못한느낌이다.그러나이책은편찬에참여한사람들의쟁쟁한면모와그내용그리고형식에서매우중요하게다루어져야할소중한자료다.
《효행록》은요즈음과달리수직적인인간관계가형성되었던시대에쓰인것이다.따라서지금의수평적인인간관계로형성된현대사회에서는이책이필요없다고생각할수도있다.지금은가족간의관계도가부장적인시대와는달리수평적이고평등한관계이므로,수직적인윤리를강조한《효행록》은오늘날빛바랜유산으로인식하기쉽다.더구나그내용이요즈음사람들의삶의방식내지는생각과너무차이가크다는점에서그가치를실감하기는쉽지않을것으로본다.
하지만,예나지금이나사람사는이치는변함이없다.비록수직적인것이수평적으로바뀌었다고하지만,부모와자식간의관계는변할수없는것이다.예전의수직적인사회에서부모자식간의관계도아버지가아들에게명하고,아들은이에복종하는일방적인구도로되어있다고생각하기쉬우나,그근간이되는것은부자자효(父慈子孝)라는하향상향이조화를이루는쌍방내지는양방적인관계다.이는사회가수평적이건수직적이건변할수없는것이다.아버지와아들의사회적관계는대등하게바뀌었더라도,부모의큰사랑에대해자식들이보답하는일은예와지금이다를수없기때문이다.