시민의 정치학 : 어른들을 위한 민주주의 교과서

임춘한

저자:임춘한

대학에서정치외교학·경제학을공부했다.2018년아시아경제에입사했고,정치부·사회부등을거쳤다.대한민국언론현실에좌절감을느끼면서도아직은기자로서할일이남아있다고믿는다.좋은세상을만드는데조금이라도보탬이되고자‘나는왜쓰는가’에대해치열하게고민하고있다.

프롤로그.............................................................1

Ⅰ.정치체제
01정치와권력.................................................10
02권위와정통성..............................................14
03국가와주권.................................................18
04법치주의.....................................................22
05민주주의의개념...........................................25
06직접민주주의...............................................30
07대의민주주의...............................................34
08숙의민주주의...............................................38
09민주화의물결..............................................42
10역사의종언vs문명의충돌............................46
11권위주의의개념...........................................49
12개인독재.....................................................52
13왕정독재.....................................................55
14군사독재.....................................................58
15정당독재.....................................................61
16종교독재.....................................................64
17민주주의의과제와도전.................................67

Ⅱ.정치사상
01이데올로기..................................................72
02정치적스펙트럼...........................................76
03자유주의.....................................................79
04보수주의.....................................................83
05공동체주의..................................................87
06전체주의.....................................................90
07사회주의.....................................................94
08공산주의.....................................................98
09무정부주의................................................102
10민족주의...................................................105
11테러리즘...................................................108
12페미니즘...................................................111
13환경주의와생태주의...................................116
14포퓰리즘...................................................119
15정치적올바름............................................122

Ⅲ.정치제도
01대통령제...................................................128
02의회제......................................................132
03준대통령제................................................135
04정당의기능...............................................138
05정당의변천...............................................143
06정당체제...................................................146
07단원제와양원제.........................................150
08국회.........................................................153
09입법.........................................................158
10예산심의...................................................161
11국정감사·국정조사·특별검사.......................164
12인사청문회·해임건의안·탄핵소추권..............168
13국회선진화법.............................................173
14대통령·국회의원·지방선거..........................178
15다수제......................................................184
16비례대표제................................................188
17혼합형선거제도.........................................193
18의무투표제................................................196
19사법부와헌법재판소...................................199
20거부권행사자.............................................203

Ⅳ.국제정치
01현실주의...................................................210
02이상주의...................................................214
03사회구성주의.............................................218
04마르크스주의.............................................221
05종속이론...................................................224
06국제정치의역사.........................................227
07국제금융·무역질서.....................................232
08국제법......................................................236
09국제안보...................................................240
10국제연합...................................................244
11지역주의...................................................248
12전쟁........................................................253
13핵확산......................................................256
14군비경쟁...................................................260
15인권.........................................................264
16난민.........................................................268
17기아와빈곤...............................................271
18외교정책이론.............................................275
19대북정책...................................................279
20한국외교정책.............................................285

에필로그.........................................................288
참고문헌.........................................................291

“대한민국은민주공화국이다.대한민국의주권은국민에게있고,모든권력은국민으로부터나온다.”

헌법제1조는우리나라를민주주의국가로규정하고있다.성숙한민주주의는대화와토론을전제로하고,그수준은시민들의지식수준과역량에비례한다.현재우리사회의모습은어떠한가.이념,지역,세대,젠더등사회적갈등은더욱복잡해지고있지만진정한대화와토론은사라진지오래다.오로지적과동지의구분만이존재한다.정치인들은표를얻기위해사회적갈등을오히려더부추기고있다.

당신은진보인가보수인가.대부분의사람들은중도라고답할가능성이높다.우리사회에서는정치성향을직접적으로드러내는것을매우꺼리기때문이다.그렇다면중도란무엇인가.이역시머뭇거리며답변하지못하거나지지하는정당이없다고언급할것이다.사실우리는정치에대해제대로배워본적도,깊이고민해본적도없다.그저특정정당이진보이고,보수라고인식하고있는정도이다.결국본인의정치성향에대해정의도,설명도할수없는셈이다.이는기본적인정치적이론토대가갖춰지지않아서다.

시민의정치학은어른들을위한민주주의교과서이다.지적대화와토론을위해필요한최소한의지식을전달한다.정치체제,정치사상,정치제도,국제정치에대한기본적인이론과현실정치로의적용을다룬다.정치체제에서는민주주의와권위주의에대해자세히알아본다.정치사상에서는자유주의,보수주의,사회주의등현대정치사조의흐름을중점적으로살펴본다.정치제도에서는행정부,입법부,사법부,선거등다양한제도를들여다본다.국제정치에서는현실주의와이상주의이론을기초로여러쟁점에대해생각해본다.