예세닌 시선(큰글씨책)

세르게이예세닌

저자세르게이알렉산드로비치예세닌(СергейАлександровичЕсенин,1895∼1925)은1895년10월3일랴잔지방의콘스탄티노보마을에서태어났다.1909년,세르게이는초등학교를마치고스파스클레프키마을에있는교사세미나에갔는데시에대해진지하게생각하게된것도바로이곳에서였다.지도교사의조언에따라시작(詩作)에몰두하기위해그는1913년3월모스크바로떠난다.1915년3월9일,상징주의시의대가알렉산드르블로크를처음만났을때,그는너무도흥분한나머지갑자기진땀을흘리기까지했다.블로크는예세닌에게용기를북돋아주는등도움을주었으며그를“천부적인재능의농민시인”으로불렀다.예세닌은자신이블로크와클류예프로부터서정시풍을배웠고,벨리로부터는형식을배웠다고주장했다.
1916년2월,첫시집인≪초혼제≫가출간되자,예세닌의명성은순식간에높아져황후와공주들앞에서시를낭송하기도했다.이에대한보답으로그는황금시계와목걸이를받았다.그러나예세닌은혁명에동감해서1917년2월혁명과10월혁명을열렬히환영했다.예세닌은1919년을자기생애의최고의해로간주했다.그에게서점과출판사,보헤미안문학카페인‘페가수스의마구간’에대한감독권이주어졌다.이시기그는여러시인들과함께‘이미지그자체’의우월성을주장하는이미지주의문학그룹을조직해서활동했다.1918년혹은1919년에예세닌은공산당에가입하고자지원했다.그러니그는너무나개인적이고‘어떤혹은모든규율에이질적’이라고간주되었다.이러한열정적인사회생활에도불구하고그의내면에서는점차소외와고독감이자라나고있었다.1921년에그는“흔히,서정시인은오래살지못한다”라고적는다.1921년11월,예세닌은미국무용수이사도라덩컨을만났다.그녀는그보다열일곱살연상이었다.그들은1922년5월2일결혼했고,5월10일유럽과미국으로여행을떠났다.그들의미국생활은파란만장한시간이었다.그는뉴욕을혐오했으며자살을생각할만큼권태로웠다.그는예술에대한자신의영감이사라지는것을두려워했다.정신적,육체적건강이쇠퇴하기시작하자예세닌은덩컨과함께파리로돌아갔다.음주와의투쟁은계속되었다.1923년8월5일경그들은모스크바로되돌아왔고10월말경그들의관계는끝이났다.예세닌은권태와우울증에빠졌으며,알코올중독과환각으로고통을받았다.정신적안식처를발견할수없었던그는두살배기어린아이처럼무력감을느꼈다.1925년,예세닌은장시＜페르시아모티프＞와＜안나스네기나＞를썼던바쿠로갔다.환각이그랬던것처럼피해망상증도그의내부에서자라나고있었다.11월그는마지막으로병원에입원했다.12월21일그는갑자기병원을떠나다시술을마시기시작했고,페테르부르크로떠나호텔에투숙해12월28일,성상(聖像)이놓인구석의수도관에목을매어자살했다.

벌써저녁이되었다 ··················3
붉은노을빛이호수위에어려있다 ···········5
벚나무가눈을뿌린다 ·················7
별 ·························9
자작나무 ······················10
어머니의기도 ···················12
너는나의버려진고향땅 ···············14
어이,너러시아여,내조국이여 ············16
사랑하는대지여!깊은강물속에 ···········18
개의노래 ·····················20
작은숲의어두운머리채너머 ·············22
저멀리안개가깔렸다 ················24
타작 ························26
강건너에불이탄다 ·················28
나는고향땅에 ···················30
나는다시여기 ···················32
석양의붉은날개가 ·················34
오,러시아여 ····················36
내일은일찍저를깨워주세요 ·············41
밭은추수가끝나고 ·················43
나는첫눈속을거닌다 ················44
여기에있다 ····················46
금빛나뭇잎이 ···················48
나는최후의농촌시인 ················50
나는아쉬워하지않는다 ···············52
그래!이제는결정되었다 ···············54
또다시여기에서술을마시고 ·············56
울려라,아코디언아 ·················59
노래를불러라 ···················61
사랑하는여인아 ··················64
어머니께드리는편지 ················67
귀향 ························70
소비에트러시아 ··················77
금빛숲이 ·····················83
나리새풀이잠자고있다 ···············85
꽃들이내게말하네?안녕이라고 ···········87
하늘색덧창이있는나지막한집 ···········89
지금도우리는조금씩떠나가고있다 ··········91
푸른밤 ······················93
손을잡아당기면서미소를일그러뜨리지마라 ······94
낙엽진단풍나무여 ·················95
책망하는눈초리로나를보지마라 ···········97
안녕,친구여,안녕 ··················99
낙엽이진다 ····················100
샤가네여,내샤가네여! ···············102
나는어떤사람인가…? ···············105
검은인간 ·····················107
이노니야 ·····················116


해설 ·······················131
지은이에대해 ···················143
옮긴이에대해 ···················149

질풍노도같은인생을살다간세르게이예세닌의시집이출간됐다.1915년페테르부르크에서혜성같이문학계에데뷔하고,1925년페테르부르크의한호텔방에서한편의시를남기고자살하기까지그는러시아농촌의자연과생활을노래한섬세한서정시와러시아민중의역사를취재한반역적서사시를썼다.그의대표작<소비에트루시>를비롯해유작시<안녕,친구여,안녕>까지48편의시를실었다.

출판사책소개
세르게이예세닌은짧고도질풍노도같은인생을살았으며그의삶은곧전설과신화가되었다.1915년,페테르부르크에서혜성과같이문학계에데뷔한후,1925년에한호텔방에서자살하기까지예세닌은급속한성공속에서여러개의문학적“가면들”을갖고있었다.그는새로운소비에트러시아의서정시인이고자하는사람이었고(1924년중반에서1925년3월까지),자신의임박한죽음의슬픈예고자이기도했다(1925).
예세닌의작품집이사후발간된이후그의창작활동을공식적으로망각하는시기가시작되었다.1927년,N.부하린의＜악한기록＞이라는기사에서예세닌의시는모욕을받는다.그기사는문학연구작업과교과서들의이데올로기적근거가되었다.시인의창작활동은소부르주아적이고부농적이며위대한시기에걸맞지않은것으로인정되었다.동시에예세닌의대중성이성장했다.서구와러시아에서그에관한엄청난양의회상기사들이등장했다.1951년파리에서시인의시선집이출판되었다.시선집의편찬자이자서문의저자인러시아시인G.이바노프는소련에서확립된공식적인입장에반대하며,예세닌의이름과연관된모든것은사망이라는보편적법칙에서제외되었다고단언했다.