역사 속의 도시 2

루이스멈퍼드

저자루이스멈퍼드(LewisMumford,1895~1990)는미국의철학자,문명비평가,도시연구가로서유명하다.미국롱아일랜드에서태어나뉴욕시립대학및컬럼비아대학에서교육받았다.본래생물학을전공했지만패트릭게디스의저서를읽고영향을받아도시계획및지역계획에관한체계적연구를시작했다.세계각지의도시를직접답사한그의도시에대한사회학적,생태학적접근은그의저작의가장두드러진특징이다.
현대의도시계획및도시연구에그가기여한결정적공헌은≪도시발달:와해와갱신≫(1945),≪초기로부터≫(1956),≪고속도로와도시≫(1962),≪도시의전망≫(1968)에주로실려있지만,도시에관한그의중심적작업은≪도시의문화≫(1938)와≪역사속의도시≫(1961)에들어있다.

제10장중세의도시생활
1.가정풍경 ··················601
2.공기,공간,위생 ···············614
3.오년제와오감 ················624
4.중세도시계획의원리 ·············635
5.도시핵과근린주구 ··············647
6.성장과팽창의통제 ··············660

제11장중세의붕괴와현대의징조
1.기독교도시－그림자와본질 ··········665
2.베네치아대이상향 ··············676
3.중세의잔존물과돌연변이 ···········689
4.와해와화석화 ················703

제12장바로크권력의구조
1.중세의분해 ·················755
2.새로운도시복합체 ··············757
3.개방성과명료성 ···············761
4.영역과도시 ·················768
5.강제의도구 ·················777
6.도시건설자로서의전쟁 ············784
7.권력의이념 ·················790
8.이동과도로 ·················798
9.새로운신성 ·················805

제13장궁정,거리및수도
1.왕궁의위치 ·················811
2.도시에대한왕궁의영향 ············815
3.침실과응접실 ················825
4.목욕탕의소멸 ················830
5.바로크의우수성과과시 ············832
6.잔존물로서도시의기능 ············842
7.시장의유행 ·················849
8.바로크체계의자취 ··············858
9.워싱턴시의교훈 ···············864

제14장상업과팽창과도시의용해
1.시장터에서시장경제로 ············878
2.새로운자유 ·················885
3.운송과교역의조직 ··············895
4.투기적인평면계획 ··············899
5.도시팽창의대가 ···············908
6.교통속의교통 ················913
7.혼잡의지배 ·················918
8.돈을벌고쓰는형태 ··············923
9.암스테르담의대조적실례 ···········932

제15장구기술의낙원:석탄도시
1.석탄도시의시발 ···············979
2.기계화와철거 ················986
3.실용주의의원리 ···············990
4.기술의집적 ·················995
5.공장,철도,빈민굴 ··············1001
6.악명높은주택 ················1014
7.석탄도시의실상 ···············1022
8.반격 ····················1032
9.지하도시 ··················1040

제16장교외도시－그것을넘어서
1.역사상의교외도시 ··············1047
2.교외성장의단계 ···············1056
3.교외의생활방식 ···············1068
4.과밀에서얻을것은아무것도없다 ·······1075
5.근린주구단위로서교외지역 ·········1079
6.철도노선,녹지대,자동차팽창 ········1088
7.반도시로서대중적교외도시 ·········1099
8.공간속의가족 ················1103
9.도시발달을위한계획 ············1108

제17장거대도시의신화
1.힘의증대 ··················1129
2.“다수의노예상태” ··············1135
3.문어발식관료체제 ··············1144
4.한계의제거 ·················1156
5.확산되는거대주의 ··············1162
6.성공의그림자 ················1168
7.혼잡과분산 ·················1171
8.폭발하는용기 ················1177
9.거대도시의운명 ···············1184
10.세계도시의문화적기능 ···········1194
11.보이지않는도시 ··············1198

제18장회고와전망 ·············1207

옮긴이후기 ··················1223
지은이에대해 ·················1225
옮긴이에대해 ·················1226

도시란무엇인가?도시는어떻게존재하게되었는가?어떤과정을거쳐성장하고,어떤기능을발휘하며,어떤목적을달성하는가?도시의모든형태에통용될정의는있을수없다.발생초기의사회핵으로출발하여성숙기의복잡한형태를거쳐노령기의물리적와해에이르기까지도시의모든변천과정을설명해줄일의적인서술도있을수없다.도시의기원은불명확하며유적의대부분은파묻혔거나복구할길없이파괴되어버렸다.도시는지난5천년동안많은변화를겪었고더많은변화가닥쳐올것이틀림없다.하지만도시의장래전망은가늠하기어렵다.이책은인류사회에서도시가생성되고발전해온역사를깊이분석한책이다.
도시의생성과발달에관한역사적사실의다양하고깊이있는서술은이분야의전문가뿐만아니라일반독자에게도흥미를돋우고감명을주기에충분하다.