왕부지의 중용 읽기 (양장본 Hardcover)

왕부지

저자왕부지(王夫之,1619-1692)는자는이농(而農),호는강재(薑齋)로1619년9월1일호남성(湖南省)형양(衡陽)에서왕조빙(王朝聘)의셋째아들로태어났다.그는만년에호남성형양현곡란(曲蘭)의석선산(石船山)에은거하여‘선산유로(船山遺老)’라자칭하였기때문에후인들이그를‘선산선생(船山先生)’이라불렀다.
왕부지는송대정주학(程朱學)을비판적으로계승한학자로서다방면에걸쳐방대한저술을남겼는데,특히『독사서대전설(讀四書大全說)』은그가47세때인1665년에저술한대표적인저작이다.

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『왕부지의중용읽기(독중용대전설)』는주희의주를대주로하고주자학파의설을소주로한『중용장구대전』을읽고비판적으로논평하면서자신의견해를개진한『중용』주석서다.왕부지가주희의설을비판한대목이많기때문에얼핏보면주자의설에반대한것처럼보이지만,자세히들여다보면주희의설을긍정하고지지한견해도다수발견된다.따라서왕부지는주희및주자학파의설을비판적으로수용하는시각에서『독중용대전설』을저술한것인데,그내용에는전인들이발명하지못한점을발명한것이다수눈에띈다.그러므로그의『독중용대전설』은주희의『중용장구』를비판적으로계승하며미비점을보완한해석서라고보는것이객관적인평가일것이다.이런점에서『독중용대전설』은『중용』해석사에빼놓을수없는중요한위치에있는저술이다.
왕부지의『독중용대전설』은주희의『중용장구』ㆍ『중용혹문』이후『중용』해석의최고의걸작이라고할수있다.우리나라에서는종래로주희의주석만을읽어왔기때문에주희의설과다른설에대해거부감을드러내는경우가많았다.그러나주희의설에왕부지의설을겸하여읽는다면『중용』에대한이해가한걸음더깊어질것이다.
조선후기경학자성호(星湖)이익(李瀷)은‘당대에『중용』을아는사람이없다.’고했다.또그의문인신후담(愼後聃)은『중용』을1만번이상읽었다고한다.또북송초의학자들은공맹의본지를파악하기위해『주역』·『중용』·『맹자』를즐겨읽었다고한다.이런점을감안해보면,『맹자』는인간을중심에두고서심성을말한책이고,『주역』은우주자연을중심에두고서천리(天理)를말한책이고,『중용』은인간을중심에두고서천인(天人)의관계를해명한책이라고할수있다.그러므로인간존재의본원이천리에닿아있는점을말할경우이해하기어려울수밖에없다.이책『왕부지의중용읽기(독중용대전설)』은이런난해한부분을구체적으로이해하는데큰도움을준다.